This time I will be summarizing some important APA rules in acknowledging sources and authors within the text of the manuscript. Previous entries were dealing with citations in the "References" or "Bibliography" section.
APA format of intext is generally follows an Author-Date format. This style of citation briefly identifies the source for readers and enables them to locate the source of information in the alphabetical reference list at the end of the article. Each reference cited in text must appear in the reference list, and each entry in the reference list must be cited in text. Make certain that each source referenced appears in both places and that the text citation and reference list entry are identical in spelling of author names and year (American Psychological Association (APA), 2009).
One Work by One Author
Jones (2003) found out that even...
Several methods may help the patient feel better but none of them is generally safe (Jones, 2003)
In 2003, Jones' study on bereavement described that...
If the name of the author is part of the narrative in a paragraph, the year need not appear in subsequent non-parenthetical citations. Although it should always be included in parenthetical citations no matter how many times it does appear (APA, 2009).
Jones (2003) found out that even though patients do not verbally......Jones also stated that it is always....The result also signifies an increase in the readmission rate of schizophrenic patients within this category (Jones, 2003).
One work by multiple author
When a work has two authors, cite both names every time the reference occurs in text. When a work has three, four, or five authors, cite all authors the first time the reference occurs; in subsequent citations, include only the surname of the first author followed by et al. ( with a period after al) and the year if it is the first citation of the reference within a paragraph. Omit year (after et al.) if it will be the subsequent citation within a paragraph (APA, 2009).
First citation: Bali, Luwag, and Postrer (1989) state that...(first citation in text)
Subsequent citations: Bali et al. (1989) state that...(next paragraphs)
When a work has six or more authors, cite only the surname of the first author followed by et al (with a period after al) and the year for the first and subsequent citations (APA, 2009).
Groups as Authors
The names of groups that serve as authors (e.g., corporations, associations, government agencies, and study groups) are usually spelled out each time they appear in a text citation. The names of some group authors are spelled out in the first citation and abbreviated thereafter. In deciding whether to abbreviate the name of a group author, use the general rule that you need to give enough information in the text citation for the reader to locate the entry in the reference list without difficulty. If the name is long and cumbersome and if the abbreviation is familiar or readily understandable, you may abbreviate the name in the second and subsequent citations. If the name is short or if the abbreviation would not be readily understandable, write out the name each time it occurs (APA, 2009).
Check how I cited APA in this entry.
APA format of intext is generally follows an Author-Date format. This style of citation briefly identifies the source for readers and enables them to locate the source of information in the alphabetical reference list at the end of the article. Each reference cited in text must appear in the reference list, and each entry in the reference list must be cited in text. Make certain that each source referenced appears in both places and that the text citation and reference list entry are identical in spelling of author names and year (American Psychological Association (APA), 2009).
One Work by One Author
Jones (2003) found out that even...
Several methods may help the patient feel better but none of them is generally safe (Jones, 2003)
In 2003, Jones' study on bereavement described that...
If the name of the author is part of the narrative in a paragraph, the year need not appear in subsequent non-parenthetical citations. Although it should always be included in parenthetical citations no matter how many times it does appear (APA, 2009).
Jones (2003) found out that even though patients do not verbally......Jones also stated that it is always....The result also signifies an increase in the readmission rate of schizophrenic patients within this category (Jones, 2003).
One work by multiple author
When a work has two authors, cite both names every time the reference occurs in text. When a work has three, four, or five authors, cite all authors the first time the reference occurs; in subsequent citations, include only the surname of the first author followed by et al. ( with a period after al) and the year if it is the first citation of the reference within a paragraph. Omit year (after et al.) if it will be the subsequent citation within a paragraph (APA, 2009).
First citation: Bali, Luwag, and Postrer (1989) state that...(first citation in text)
Subsequent citations: Bali et al. (1989) state that...(next paragraphs)
When a work has six or more authors, cite only the surname of the first author followed by et al (with a period after al) and the year for the first and subsequent citations (APA, 2009).
Groups as Authors
The names of groups that serve as authors (e.g., corporations, associations, government agencies, and study groups) are usually spelled out each time they appear in a text citation. The names of some group authors are spelled out in the first citation and abbreviated thereafter. In deciding whether to abbreviate the name of a group author, use the general rule that you need to give enough information in the text citation for the reader to locate the entry in the reference list without difficulty. If the name is long and cumbersome and if the abbreviation is familiar or readily understandable, you may abbreviate the name in the second and subsequent citations. If the name is short or if the abbreviation would not be readily understandable, write out the name each time it occurs (APA, 2009).
Check how I cited APA in this entry.
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